TEI by Example Module 7: Critical Editing Ron Van den Branden Edward Vanhoutte Melissa Terras Association for Literary and Linguistic Computing (ALLC) Centre for Data, Culture and Society, University of Edinburgh, UK Centre for Digital Humanities (CDH), University College London, UK Centre for Computing in the Humanities (CCH), King’s College London, UK Centre for Scholarly Editing and Document Studies (CTB) , Royal Academy of Dutch Language and Literature, Belgium
Centre for Scholarly Editing and Document Studies (CTB) Royal Academy of Dutch Language and Literature Koningstraat 18 9000 Gent Belgium
ctb@kantl.be Edward Vanhoutte Melissa Terras Centre for Scholarly Editing and Document Studies (CTB) , Royal Academy of Dutch Language and Literature, Belgium Centre for Scholarly Editing and Document Studies (CTB) , Royal Academy of Dutch Language and Literature, Belgium Gent
Centre for Scholarly Editing and Document Studies (CTB) Royal Academy of Dutch Language and Literature Koningstraat 18 9000 Gent Belgium

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9 July 2010 TEI By Example. Edward Vanhoutte editor Ron Van den Branden editor Melissa Terras editor

Digitally born

TEI By Example offers a series of freely available online tutorials walking individuals through the different stages in marking up a document in TEI (Text Encoding Initiative). Besides a general introduction to text encoding, step-by-step tutorial modules provide example-based introductions to eight different aspects of electronic text markup for the humanities. Each tutorial module is accompanied with a dedicated examples section, illustrating actual TEI encoding practise with real-life examples. The theory of the tutorial modules can be tested in interactive tests and exercises.

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Summary

This tutorial module has focused on the encoding of textual variation in different text witnesses. Although the determination of textual variation itself can depend on the editorial theories for the critical edition, and the TEI Guidelines offer many possibilities to encode textual variation, we’ll conclude with a possible encoding as a critical edition of the text samples we used in this tutorial module. In this example, we chose for a parallel segmented internal apparatus, which could look as follows:

Sperberg-McQueen, M.; Burnard, L. (eds.). TEI P2 Guidelines for the Encoding and Interchange of Machine Readable Texts Draft P2 (published serially 1992-1993); Draft Version 2 of April 1993: 19 chapters. Available from (accessed October 2008) Sperberg-McQueen, C.M.; Burnard, L. (eds.). Guidelines for Electronic Text Encoding and Interchange. TEI P3. Revised reprint. Text Encoding Initiative: Oxford, Providence, Charlottesville, Bergen, 1999 Sperberg-McQueen, C.M.; Burnard, L. (eds.). TEI P4: Guidelines for Electronic Text Encoding and Interchange. XML-compatible edition. Text Encoding Initiative Consortium: Oxford, Providence, Charlottesville, Bergen, 2002 Sperberg-McQueen, C.M.; Burnard, L. (eds.). TEI P5: Guidelines for Electronic Text Encoding and Interchange. Revised and re-edited. Text Encoding Initiative Consortium: Oxford, Providence, Charlottesville, Nancy, 2005 Chapter 2 v 2 A GENTLE INTRODUCTION TO SGML Gentle Introduction to SGML Gentle Introduction to XML As originally published in previous editions of the Guidelines, this chapter provided a gentle introduction to 'just enough' SGML for anyone to understand how the TEI used that standard. Since then, the Gentle Guide seems to have taken on a life of its own independent of the Guidelines, having been widely distributed (and flatteringly imitated) on the web. In revising it for the present draft, the editors have therefore felt free to reduce considerably its discussion of SGML-specific matters, in favour of a simple presentation of how the TEI uses XML.

The encoding scheme defined by these Guidelines is may be formulated either as an application of a system known as the Standard Generalized the ISO Standard Generalized the Extensible Markup Language (SGML). International Organization for Standardization, ISO 8879: Information processing--Text and office systems--Standard Generalized Mark-up Language (SGML), ([Geneva]: ISO, 1986). Although widely said to be short for the surnames of its progenitors, the official expansion of this abbreviation is "Standard Generalized Markup Language." SGML is an international standard (SGML). International Organization for Standardization, ISO 8879: Information processing - Text and office systems - Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), ([Geneva]: ISO, 1986) SGML is an international standard (SGML) International Organization for Standardization, ISO 8879: Information processing - Text and office systems - Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), ([Geneva]: ISO, 1986) or of the more recently developed W3C Extensible Markup Language (XML) World Wide Web Consortium : Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0, available from http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml . Both SGML and XML are widely-used (XML) (Bray et al. (eds.) (2006)). XML is widely used for the definition of device-independent, system-independent methods of representing storing and processing texts in electronic form . This chapter presents a brief tutorial guide to its main features, for those readers who have not encountered it before. For a more technical account of TEI practice in using ; XML being in fact a simplification or derivation of SGML. In the present chapter we introduce informally the basic concepts underlying such markup languages and attempt to explain to . It is now also the interchange and communication format used by many applications on the World Wide Web. In the SGML standard, see chapter 30, "TEI Conformance," [in separate fascicle]; for a more technical description of the subset of SGML SGML standard, see chapter 28, "Conformance," on page 727. For a more technical description of the subset of SGML reader encountering them for the first time how they are actually used in the TEI scheme. Except where the two are explicitly distinguished, references to XML in what follows may be understood to apply equally well to the TEI usage of SGML. a more technical account of For TEI practice see chapter 28 Conformance ; for a more technical description of the subset of SGML present chapter we informally introduce some of its concepts and attempt to explain to the reader encountering them basic for the first time how and why they are used by in the TEI encoding scheme , see chapter 39, "Formal Grammar for the TEI-Interchange-Format Subset of SGML," [in separate fascicle] , see chapter 39, "Formal Grammar for the TEI-Interchange-Format Subset of SGML," on page 1247 , see chapter 39 Formal Grammar for the TEI-Interchange-Format Subset of SGML . More detailed technical accounts of TEI practice in this respect are provided in chapters 23. Using the TEI, 1. The TEI Infrastructure, and 22. Documentation Elements of these Guidelines .

SGML is an international standard for the description of marked-up electronic text. More exactly XML is an extensible markup language used for the description of marked-up electronic text. More exactly Strictly speaking , SGML XML is a metalanguage metalanguage , that is, a means of formally describing a language language used to describe other languages , in this case, a markup language a markup language markup languages . Before going any further we should define these terms. Historically, the word markup markup has been used to describe annotation or other marks within a text intended to instruct a compositor or typist how a particular passage should be printed or laid out. Examples include wavy underlining to indicate boldface, special symbols for passages to be omitted or printed in a particular font font, and so forth. As the formatting and printing of texts was automated, the term was extend-ed extended to cover all sorts of special markup codes markup codes codes inserted into electronic texts to govern formatting, printing, or other processing.

 A parallel segmented encoding of the different text witnesses of the example.
Vanhoutte, Edward, and Ron Van den Branden. 2009. Describing, Transcribing, Encoding, and Editing Modern Correspondence Material: a Textbase Approach. Literary and Linguistic Computing 24 (1): 77–98. 10.1093/llc/fqn035.